{"id":378,"date":"2000-12-30T17:00:45","date_gmt":"2000-12-30T16:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/tpt.sk\/?p=378"},"modified":"2017-12-09T07:24:19","modified_gmt":"2017-12-09T06:24:19","slug":"tpt-2000-text-zdeno-kolesar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/archiv\/tpt-2000\/tpt-2000-text-zdeno-kolesar\/","title":{"rendered":"TPT 2000 text: Zdeno Koles\u00e1r"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Je plag\u00e1t e\u0161te aktu\u00e1lny? Alebo u\u017e jeho \u010das vypr\u0161al a do\u017e\u00edva v chr\u00e1nenej rezerv\u00e1cii os\u00eddlenej vy\u0301tvarn\u00edkmi, pre ktory\u0301ch je plag\u00e1t len z\u00e1mienkou na osobn\u00e9 exhib\u00edcie, zberate\u013emi, ktor\u00ed nemaj\u00fa dos\u0165 pe\u0148az\u00ed na Picassa a napokon organiz\u00e1tormi vy\u0301stav, ktor\u00ed nad rezerv\u00e1ciou dr\u017eia ochrann\u00fa ruku? Mnoho odborn\u00edkov venuj\u00facich sa oblasti vizu\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie dnes spochyb\u0148uje nosnos\u0165 plag\u00e1tu ako plnopr\u00e1vneho komunika\u010dn\u00e9ho m\u00e9dia. Pok\u00fasime sa spochybni\u0165 taky\u0301to n\u00e1zor, hoci za cenu korigovania \u201ezaveden\u00e9ho\u201c ch\u00e1pania plag\u00e1tu.<\/p>\n<p>S\u00fa\u010dasn\u00e9 postavenie plag\u00e1tu a jeho pravdepodobn\u00e9 smerovanie paradoxne m\u00f4\u017ee osvetli\u0165 hist\u00f3ria. Plag\u00e1t v dne\u0161nom \u00fazkom vymedzen\u00ed v nej mal legit\u00edmnych predchodcov. Jeho prehist\u00f3riu tvorili najr\u00f4znej\u0161ie verejn\u00e9 oznamy sp\u00e1jaj\u00face slovo a obraz. Sp\u00f4soby odovzd\u00e1vania spr\u00e1v taky\u0301mito p\u00edsmo\u2013obrazmi sa menili v z\u00e1vislosti od premien duchovn\u00e9ho sveta \u013eud\u00ed, ich sveta materi\u00e1lneho, podstatne ich podmie\u0148ovali konkr\u00e9tne technick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti vizu\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie. Tak trocha plag\u00e1tom bol u\u017e Chammurapiho z\u00e1konn\u00edk sp\u00e1jaj\u00faci obraz a text vytesany\u0301 do kame\u0148a a umiestneny\u0301 na verejnom priestranstve. K dne\u0161n\u00e9mu ch\u00e1paniu plag\u00e1tu sa viac bl\u00ed\u017eili verejn\u00e9 oznamy p\u00edsan\u00e9 na \u0161peci\u00e1lne plochy v starovekom Gr\u00e9cku a R\u00edme, tu sa rodili aj prv\u00ed profesion\u00e1lni \u201eafi\u0161isti\u201c. Ku konven\u010dnej predstave o plag\u00e1te patr\u00ed jeho mechanizovan\u00e9 mno\u017eenie \u2013 tak\u00fato mo\u017enos\u0165 priniesla kn\u00edhtla\u010d a jej kombin\u00e1cia s drevorezom \u2013 prv\u00e9 plag\u00e1ty (\u010di st\u00e1le e\u0161te \u201eplag\u00e1ty\u201c?) tohto druhu sa objavili v p\u00e4tn\u00e1stom storo\u010d\u00ed. Plag\u00e1t v s\u00fa\u010dasnom pon\u00edman\u00ed skratkovit\u00e9ho syntetick\u00e9ho prepojenia textu a obrazu v\u0161ak priniesol a\u017e vyn\u00e1lez litografie v \u00favodnom obdob\u00ed priemyselnej revol\u00facie a jeho tvorcovia nielen vyu\u017eili mo\u017enosti novej polygrafickej techniky, ale aj pokryli potreby, ktory\u0301mi sa meniaci materi\u00e1lny a duchovny\u0301 svet industri\u00e1lnej \u00e9ry vyzna\u010doval.<\/p>\n<p>Dvadsiate storo\u010die pon\u00faklo \u010fal\u0161ie technick\u00e9 novinky, ktor\u00e9 sa spolu so \u0161ir\u0161\u00edmi spolo\u010densky\u0301mi pohybmi podp\u00edsali pod transform\u00e1ciu m\u00e9dia plag\u00e1tu. Ned\u00e1vna minulos\u0165 v\u0161ak priniesla nato\u013eko zlomov\u00e9 zmeny v prenose inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, \u017ee popri evolu\u010dny\u0301ch posunoch charakterizuj\u00facich vy\u0301voj plag\u00e1tu v uplynuly\u0301ch dvoch storo\u010diach, doch\u00e1dza i k zmen\u00e1m revolu\u010dny\u0301m \u2013 podobny\u0301m ty\u0301m, ktor\u00e9 s\u00faviseli s n\u00e1stupom kn\u00edhtla\u010de a nesk\u00f4r litografie.<\/p>\n<p>K evolu\u010dny\u0301m posunom plag\u00e1tu mo\u017eno na jednej strane r\u00e1ta\u0165 zv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ovanie rozmerov plag\u00e1tov (bilboardy a bigboardy k plag\u00e1tu rodovo nesporne patria, i ke\u010f sa zvykn\u00fa vyde\u013eova\u0165 ako \u0161pecifick\u00e9 m\u00e9dium), zatia\u013e \u010do tradi\u010dn\u00e9 plag\u00e1ty v u\u017e\u0161om vymedzen\u00ed svoje rozmery sk\u00f4r zmen\u0161uj\u00fa. V narastaj\u00facom vizu\u00e1lnom hluku str\u00e1caj\u00fa svoju povahu \u201eveci verejnej\u201c, st\u00e1vaj\u00fa sa (okrem in\u00e9ho i v s\u00favislosti s atomiz\u00e1ciou spolo\u010dnosti rezignuj\u00facej na univerz\u00e1lne idey) nosite\u013eom \u0161pecifickej inform\u00e1cie pre u\u017e\u0161\u00ed okruh recipientov. Neraz v\u0161ak i celkom priv\u00e1tnou konfesiou \u010dloveka, ktory\u0301 nemus\u00ed nevyhnutne by\u0165 profesion\u00e1lnym vy\u0301tvarn\u00edkom. Plag\u00e1ty nar\u00fa\u0161aj\u00fa z\u00e1sady prvopl\u00e1novej \u00fadernosti, konven\u010dny\u0301ch form\u00e1tov a polygraficky\u0301ch techn\u00edk.<br \/>\nMo\u017enos\u0165 sebaobrody plag\u00e1tu ako be\u017en\u00e9ho, verejne p\u00f4sobiaceho a ry\u0301chlo \u010ditate\u013en\u00e9ho oznamu, vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00faceho potenci\u00e1l syntetick\u00e9ho spolup\u00f4sobenia slova a obrazu v\u0161ak zrejme bude s\u00favisie\u0165 s jeho premenami revolu\u010dny\u0301mi, ktor\u00e9 zoh\u013eadnia nov\u00e9 potreby i mo\u017enosti viazan\u00e9 na aktu\u00e1lnu civiliza\u010dn\u00fa situ\u00e1ciu. Vy\u0301zvou sa op\u00e4\u0165 raz st\u00e1vaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 mo\u017enosti v technike komunik\u00e1cie. Pre st\u00e1le v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie mno\u017estvo \u013eud\u00ed prest\u00e1va by\u0165 verejny\u0301m priestranstvom ulica a st\u00e1va sa \u0148ou po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e1 sie\u0165. Mo\u017eno je tu \u010das akceptova\u0165 internet ako \u201evy\u0301lepov\u00fa plochu\u201c plag\u00e1tu zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00faceho realitu s\u00fa\u010dasnosti.<\/p>\n<p>Plag\u00e1t (i ke\u010f pre t\u00e1bor ortodoxny\u0301ch to mo\u017eno bude u\u017e iba \u201eplag\u00e1t\u201c) iste ani v bud\u00facnosti nevyhynie, sm\u00fati\u0165 nad jeho odchodom netreba. Bude si iba h\u013eada\u0165 tv\u00e1r adekv\u00e1tnu dobe tak ako v d\u00e1vnej\u0161ej i ned\u00e1vnej hist\u00f3rii. Tohtoro\u010dn\u00e9 \u0161tvrt\u00e9 medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 Trien\u00e1le plag\u00e1tu Trnava m\u00e1 amb\u00edciu popri evol\u00facii nazna\u010di\u0165 i mo\u017enosti revol\u00facie m\u00e9dia plag\u00e1tu. N\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edka inovovany\u0301ch vy\u0301stavny\u0301ch priestorov by malo presved\u010di\u0165, \u017ee ani plag\u00e1tov\u00e1 \u201eklasika\u201c e\u0161te nepovedala posledn\u00e9 slovo, v mnohy\u0301ch smeroch sa vyv\u00edja a m\u00e1 potenci\u00e1l pren\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 aktu\u00e1lne posolstv\u00e1. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 by v\u0161ak chcelo pootvori\u0165 dvere do bud\u00facnosti \u2013 vy\u0301stavnou kateg\u00f3riou \u0161tudentsk\u00e9ho plag\u00e1tu (t\u00e1 patr\u00ed k \u0161pecifik\u00e1m trien\u00e1le u\u017e od \u00favodny\u0301ch ro\u010dn\u00edkov) a workshopom sk\u00famaj\u00facim technick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti, z\u00e1kladny\u0301 zmysel a vy\u0301znam plag\u00e1tu v \u010do naj\u0161ir\u0161om rozp\u00e4t\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">Zdeno Koles\u00e1r<br \/>\n<em>kur\u00e1tor vy\u0301stavy TPT 2000<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je plag\u00e1t e\u0161te aktu\u00e1lny? Alebo u\u017e jeho \u010das vypr\u0161al a do\u017e\u00edva v chr\u00e1nenej rezerv\u00e1cii os\u00eddlenej vy\u0301tvarn\u00edkmi, pre ktory\u0301ch je plag\u00e1t len z\u00e1mienkou na osobn\u00e9 exhib\u00edcie, zberate\u013emi, ktor\u00ed nemaj\u00fa dos\u0165 pe\u0148az\u00ed na Picassa a napokon organiz\u00e1tormi vy\u0301stav, ktor\u00ed nad rezerv\u00e1ciou dr\u017eia ochrann\u00fa ruku? Mnoho odborn\u00edkov venuj\u00facich sa oblasti vizu\u00e1lnej komunik\u00e1cie dnes spochyb\u0148uje nosnos\u0165 plag\u00e1tu ako plnopr\u00e1vneho [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[61],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=378"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2593,"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/378\/revisions\/2593"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=378"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=378"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/tpt.sk\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=378"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}